Early or prophylactic thyroidectomy in MEN 2/FMTC gene carriers: Results in 71 thyroidectomized patients

Patricia Niccoli-Sire, Arnaud Murat, Eric Baudin, Jean François Henry, Charles Proye, Jean Claude Bigorgne, Bettina Bstandig, Elisabeth Modigliani, Sophie Morange, Martin Schlumberger, Bernard Conte-Devolx

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    110 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Background: Once genetic testing accurately identifies MEN 2 gene carriers, affected children are given the opportunity to undergo thyroidectomy at the earliest stages of the C-cell disease. Objective: To define reliable parameters by which to identify the best moment for thyroidectomy in patients who are carriers of the MEN 2 gene. Patients and methods: Seventy-one MEN 2/FMTC gene carriers, collected through the national register of the French Calcitonin Tumours Study Group, were evaluated. All the patients included were younger than 20 years of age and underwent total thyroidectomy. Basal and pentagastrin-stimulated calcitonin were assayed using an immunoradiometric method (sensitivity less than 2 pg/ml). Calcitonin measurement was evaluated on the basis of histopathological findings in surgical thyroid specimens. Results: We found C-cell hyperplasia or medullary thyroid carcinoma in all the 71 gene carriers - even for the youngest patients - and nodal metastases were present in four cases. Calcitonin measurement (basal or pentagastrin-stimulated) detected C-cell disease preoperatively in all patients. Six of the 71 patients were not surgically cured: one had nodal metastases, one had an advanced staged disease and four had an incomplete nodal dissection or had not undergone lymph node surgery. Conclusions: Determination of calcitonin forms an integral part of the management of MEN 2 gene carriers. Thyroidectomy is undisputably indicated when basal calcitonin is abnormal. When basal calcitonin is undetectable, a pentagastrin-stimulated increase in calcitonin to more than 10 pg/ml indicates an early thyroidectomy to cure the patient.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)468-474
    Number of pages7
    JournalEuropean Journal of Endocrinology
    Volume141
    Issue number5
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 1999

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