TY - JOUR
T1 - Inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of breast cancer in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study
AU - Castro-Espin, Carlota
AU - Agudo, Antonio
AU - Bonet, Catalina
AU - Katzke, Verena
AU - Turzanski-Fortner, Renée
AU - Aleksandrova, Krasimira
AU - Schulze, Matthias B.
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Dahm, Christina C.
AU - Quirós, José Ramón
AU - Sánchez, María José
AU - Amiano, Pilar
AU - Chirlaque, María Dolores
AU - Ardanaz, Eva
AU - Masala, Giovanna
AU - Sieri, Sabina
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Sacerdote, Carlotta
AU - Panico, Salvatore
AU - May, Anne M.
AU - Bodén, Stina
AU - Gram, Inger T.
AU - Skeie, Guri
AU - Laouali, Nasser
AU - Shah, Sanam
AU - Severi, Gianluca
AU - Aune, Dagfinn
AU - Merritt, Melissa A.
AU - Cairat, Manon
AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete
AU - Riboli, Elio
AU - Dossus, Laure
AU - Jakszyn, Paula
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, Springer Nature B.V.
PY - 2021/9/1
Y1 - 2021/9/1
N2 - The role of chronic inflammation on breast cancer (BC) risk remains unclear beyond as an underlying mechanism of obesity and physical activity. We aimed to evaluate the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of BC overall, according to menopausal status and tumour subtypes. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, 318,686 women were followed for 14 years, among whom 13,246 incident BC cases were identified. The inflammatory potential of the diet was characterized by an inflammatory score of the diet (ISD). Multivariable Cox regression models were used to assess the potential effect of the ISD on BC risk by means of hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). ISD was positively associated with BC risk. Each increase of one standard deviation (1-Sd) of the score increased by 4% the risk of BC (HR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.07). Women in the highest quintile of the ISD (indicating a most pro-inflammatory diet) had a 12% increase in risk compared with those in the lowest quintile (HR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.04–1.21) with a significant trend. The association was strongest among premenopausal women, with an 8% increased risk for 1-Sd increase in the score (HR = 1.08; 95% CI 1.01–1.14). The pattern of the association was quite homogeneous by BC subtypes based on hormone receptor status. There were no significant interactions between ISD and body mass index, physical activity, or alcohol consumption. Women consuming more pro-inflammatory diets as measured by ISD are at increased risk for BC, especially premenopausal women.
AB - The role of chronic inflammation on breast cancer (BC) risk remains unclear beyond as an underlying mechanism of obesity and physical activity. We aimed to evaluate the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of BC overall, according to menopausal status and tumour subtypes. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, 318,686 women were followed for 14 years, among whom 13,246 incident BC cases were identified. The inflammatory potential of the diet was characterized by an inflammatory score of the diet (ISD). Multivariable Cox regression models were used to assess the potential effect of the ISD on BC risk by means of hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). ISD was positively associated with BC risk. Each increase of one standard deviation (1-Sd) of the score increased by 4% the risk of BC (HR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.07). Women in the highest quintile of the ISD (indicating a most pro-inflammatory diet) had a 12% increase in risk compared with those in the lowest quintile (HR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.04–1.21) with a significant trend. The association was strongest among premenopausal women, with an 8% increased risk for 1-Sd increase in the score (HR = 1.08; 95% CI 1.01–1.14). The pattern of the association was quite homogeneous by BC subtypes based on hormone receptor status. There were no significant interactions between ISD and body mass index, physical activity, or alcohol consumption. Women consuming more pro-inflammatory diets as measured by ISD are at increased risk for BC, especially premenopausal women.
KW - Breast cancer
KW - Chronic inflammation
KW - Inflammatory potential of the diet
KW - Prospective study
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85108260282&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10654-021-00772-2
DO - 10.1007/s10654-021-00772-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 34148186
AN - SCOPUS:85108260282
SN - 0393-2990
VL - 36
SP - 953
EP - 964
JO - European Journal of Epidemiology
JF - European Journal of Epidemiology
IS - 9
ER -