Long-term exposure to fine particle elemental components and lung cancer incidence in the ELAPSE pooled cohort

Ulla Arthur Hvidtfeldt; Jie Chen; Zorana Jovanovic Andersen; Richard Atkinson; Mariska Bauwelinck; Tom Bellander; Jørgen Brandt; Bert Brunekreef; Giulia Cesaroni; Hans Concin; Daniela Fecht; Francesco Forastiere; Carla H. van Gils; John Gulliver; Ole Hertel; Gerard Hoek; Barbara Hoffmann; Kees de Hoogh; Nicole Janssen; Jeanette Therming Jørgensen; Klea Katsouyanni; Karl Heinz Jöckel; Matthias Ketzel; Jochem O. Klompmaker; Alois Lang; Karin Leander; Shuo Liu; Petter L.S. Ljungman; Patrik K.E. Magnusson; Amar Jayant Mehta; Gabriele Nagel; Bente Oftedal; Göran Pershagen; Raphael Simon Peter; Annette Peters; Matteo Renzi; Debora Rizzuto; Sophia Rodopoulou; Evangelia Samoli; Per Everhard Schwarze; Gianluca Severi; Torben Sigsgaard; Massimo Stafoggia; Maciej Strak; Danielle Vienneau; Gudrun Weinmayr; Kathrin Wolf; Ole Raaschou-Nielsen

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.110568

Long-term exposure to fine particle elemental components and lung cancer incidence in the ELAPSE pooled cohort

Ulla Arthur Hvidtfeldt, Jie Chen, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Richard Atkinson, Mariska Bauwelinck, Tom Bellander, Jørgen Brandt, Bert Brunekreef, Giulia Cesaroni, Hans Concin, Daniela Fecht, Francesco Forastiere, Carla H. van Gils, John Gulliver, Ole Hertel, Gerard Hoek, Barbara Hoffmann, Kees de Hoogh, Nicole Janssen, Jeanette Therming JørgensenKlea Katsouyanni, Karl Heinz Jöckel, Matthias Ketzel, Jochem O. Klompmaker, Alois Lang, Karin Leander, Shuo Liu, Petter L.S. Ljungman, Patrik K.E. Magnusson, Amar Jayant Mehta, Gabriele Nagel, Bente Oftedal, Göran Pershagen, Raphael Simon Peter, Annette Peters, Matteo Renzi, Debora Rizzuto, Sophia Rodopoulou, Evangelia Samoli, Per Everhard Schwarze, Gianluca Severi, Torben Sigsgaard, Massimo Stafoggia, Maciej Strak, Danielle Vienneau, Gudrun Weinmayr, Kathrin Wolf, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Background: An association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and lung cancer has been established in previous studies. PM_2.5 is a complex mixture of chemical components from various sources and little is known about whether certain components contribute specifically to the associated lung cancer risk. The present study builds on recent findings from the “Effects of Low-level Air Pollution: A Study in Europe” (ELAPSE) collaboration and addresses the potential association between specific elemental components of PM_2.5 and lung cancer incidence. Methods: We pooled seven cohorts from across Europe and assigned exposure estimates for eight components of PM_2.5 representing non-tail pipe emissions (copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn)), long-range transport (sulfur (S)), oil burning/industry emissions (nickel (Ni), vanadium (V)), crustal material (silicon (Si)), and biomass burning (potassium (K)) to cohort participants’ baseline residential address based on 100 m by 100 m grids from newly developed hybrid models combining air pollution monitoring, land use data, satellite observations, and dispersion model estimates. We applied stratified Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for potential confounders (age, sex, calendar year, marital status, smoking, body mass index, employment status, and neighborhood-level socio-economic status). Results: The pooled study population comprised 306,550 individuals with 3916 incident lung cancer events during 5,541,672 person-years of follow-up. We observed a positive association between exposure to all eight components and lung cancer incidence, with adjusted HRs of 1.10 (95% CI 1.05, 1.16) per 50 ng/m³ PM_2.5 K, 1.09 (95% CI 1.02, 1.15) per 1 ng/m³ PM_2.5 Ni, 1.22 (95% CI 1.11, 1.35) per 200 ng/m³ PM_2.5 S, and 1.07 (95% CI 1.02, 1.12) per 200 ng/m³ PM_2.5 V. Effect estimates were largely unaffected by adjustment for nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). After adjustment for PM_2.5 mass, effect estimates of K, Ni, S, and V were slightly attenuated, whereas effect estimates of Cu, Si, Fe, and Zn became null or negative. Conclusions: Our results point towards an increased risk of lung cancer in connection with sources of combustion particles from oil and biomass burning and secondary inorganic aerosols rather than non-exhaust traffic emissions. Specific limit values or guidelines targeting these specific PM_2.5 components may prove helpful in future lung cancer prevention strategies.

Original language	English
Article number	110568
Journal	Environmental Research
Volume	193
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110568
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2021
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Air pollution
Elemental components
Fine particulate matter
Lung cancer incidence
Pooled cohort

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10.1016/j.envres.2020.110568

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Hvidtfeldt, U. A., Chen, J., Andersen, Z. J., Atkinson, R., Bauwelinck, M., Bellander, T., Brandt, J., Brunekreef, B., Cesaroni, G., Concin, H., Fecht, D., Forastiere, F., van Gils, C. H., Gulliver, J., Hertel, O., Hoek, G., Hoffmann, B., de Hoogh, K., Janssen, N., ... Raaschou-Nielsen, O. (2021). Long-term exposure to fine particle elemental components and lung cancer incidence in the ELAPSE pooled cohort. Environmental Research, 193, Article 110568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110568

@article{2d53505015fc46528f3e108924512d54,

title = "Long-term exposure to fine particle elemental components and lung cancer incidence in the ELAPSE pooled cohort",

abstract = "Background: An association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and lung cancer has been established in previous studies. PM2.5 is a complex mixture of chemical components from various sources and little is known about whether certain components contribute specifically to the associated lung cancer risk. The present study builds on recent findings from the “Effects of Low-level Air Pollution: A Study in Europe” (ELAPSE) collaboration and addresses the potential association between specific elemental components of PM2.5 and lung cancer incidence. Methods: We pooled seven cohorts from across Europe and assigned exposure estimates for eight components of PM2.5 representing non-tail pipe emissions (copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn)), long-range transport (sulfur (S)), oil burning/industry emissions (nickel (Ni), vanadium (V)), crustal material (silicon (Si)), and biomass burning (potassium (K)) to cohort participants{\textquoteright} baseline residential address based on 100 m by 100 m grids from newly developed hybrid models combining air pollution monitoring, land use data, satellite observations, and dispersion model estimates. We applied stratified Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for potential confounders (age, sex, calendar year, marital status, smoking, body mass index, employment status, and neighborhood-level socio-economic status). Results: The pooled study population comprised 306,550 individuals with 3916 incident lung cancer events during 5,541,672 person-years of follow-up. We observed a positive association between exposure to all eight components and lung cancer incidence, with adjusted HRs of 1.10 (95% CI 1.05, 1.16) per 50 ng/m3 PM2.5 K, 1.09 (95% CI 1.02, 1.15) per 1 ng/m3 PM2.5 Ni, 1.22 (95% CI 1.11, 1.35) per 200 ng/m3 PM2.5 S, and 1.07 (95% CI 1.02, 1.12) per 200 ng/m3 PM2.5 V. Effect estimates were largely unaffected by adjustment for nitrogen dioxide (NO2). After adjustment for PM2.5 mass, effect estimates of K, Ni, S, and V were slightly attenuated, whereas effect estimates of Cu, Si, Fe, and Zn became null or negative. Conclusions: Our results point towards an increased risk of lung cancer in connection with sources of combustion particles from oil and biomass burning and secondary inorganic aerosols rather than non-exhaust traffic emissions. Specific limit values or guidelines targeting these specific PM2.5 components may prove helpful in future lung cancer prevention strategies.",

keywords = "Air pollution, Elemental components, Fine particulate matter, Lung cancer incidence, Pooled cohort",

author = "Hvidtfeldt, {Ulla Arthur} and Jie Chen and Andersen, {Zorana Jovanovic} and Richard Atkinson and Mariska Bauwelinck and Tom Bellander and J{\o}rgen Brandt and Bert Brunekreef and Giulia Cesaroni and Hans Concin and Daniela Fecht and Francesco Forastiere and {van Gils}, {Carla H.} and John Gulliver and Ole Hertel and Gerard Hoek and Barbara Hoffmann and {de Hoogh}, Kees and Nicole Janssen and J{\o}rgensen, {Jeanette Therming} and Klea Katsouyanni and J{\"o}ckel, {Karl Heinz} and Matthias Ketzel and Klompmaker, {Jochem O.} and Alois Lang and Karin Leander and Shuo Liu and Ljungman, {Petter L.S.} and Magnusson, {Patrik K.E.} and Mehta, {Amar Jayant} and Gabriele Nagel and Bente Oftedal and G{\"o}ran Pershagen and Peter, {Raphael Simon} and Annette Peters and Matteo Renzi and Debora Rizzuto and Sophia Rodopoulou and Evangelia Samoli and Schwarze, {Per Everhard} and Gianluca Severi and Torben Sigsgaard and Massimo Stafoggia and Maciej Strak and Danielle Vienneau and Gudrun Weinmayr and Kathrin Wolf and Ole Raaschou-Nielsen",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2021",

month = feb,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.envres.2020.110568",

language = "English",

volume = "193",

journal = "Environmental Research",

issn = "0013-9351",

}

Hvidtfeldt, UA, Chen, J, Andersen, ZJ, Atkinson, R, Bauwelinck, M, Bellander, T, Brandt, J, Brunekreef, B, Cesaroni, G, Concin, H, Fecht, D, Forastiere, F, van Gils, CH, Gulliver, J, Hertel, O, Hoek, G, Hoffmann, B, de Hoogh, K, Janssen, N, Jørgensen, JT, Katsouyanni, K, Jöckel, KH, Ketzel, M, Klompmaker, JO, Lang, A, Leander, K, Liu, S, Ljungman, PLS, Magnusson, PKE, Mehta, AJ, Nagel, G, Oftedal, B, Pershagen, G, Peter, RS, Peters, A, Renzi, M, Rizzuto, D, Rodopoulou, S, Samoli, E, Schwarze, PE, Severi, G, Sigsgaard, T, Stafoggia, M, Strak, M, Vienneau, D, Weinmayr, G, Wolf, K & Raaschou-Nielsen, O 2021, 'Long-term exposure to fine particle elemental components and lung cancer incidence in the ELAPSE pooled cohort', Environmental Research, vol. 193, 110568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110568

TY - JOUR

T1 - Long-term exposure to fine particle elemental components and lung cancer incidence in the ELAPSE pooled cohort

AU - Hvidtfeldt, Ulla Arthur

AU - Chen, Jie

AU - Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic

AU - Atkinson, Richard

AU - Bauwelinck, Mariska

AU - Bellander, Tom

AU - Brandt, Jørgen

AU - Brunekreef, Bert

AU - Cesaroni, Giulia

AU - Concin, Hans

AU - Fecht, Daniela

AU - Forastiere, Francesco

AU - van Gils, Carla H.

AU - Gulliver, John

AU - Hertel, Ole

AU - Hoek, Gerard

AU - Hoffmann, Barbara

AU - de Hoogh, Kees

AU - Janssen, Nicole

AU - Jørgensen, Jeanette Therming

AU - Katsouyanni, Klea

AU - Jöckel, Karl Heinz

AU - Ketzel, Matthias

AU - Klompmaker, Jochem O.

AU - Lang, Alois

AU - Leander, Karin

AU - Liu, Shuo

AU - Ljungman, Petter L.S.

AU - Magnusson, Patrik K.E.

AU - Mehta, Amar Jayant

AU - Nagel, Gabriele

AU - Oftedal, Bente

AU - Pershagen, Göran

AU - Peter, Raphael Simon

AU - Peters, Annette

AU - Renzi, Matteo

AU - Rizzuto, Debora

AU - Rodopoulou, Sophia

AU - Samoli, Evangelia

AU - Schwarze, Per Everhard

AU - Severi, Gianluca

AU - Sigsgaard, Torben

AU - Stafoggia, Massimo

AU - Strak, Maciej

AU - Vienneau, Danielle

AU - Weinmayr, Gudrun

AU - Wolf, Kathrin

AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole

PY - 2021/2/1

Y1 - 2021/2/1

N2 - Background: An association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and lung cancer has been established in previous studies. PM2.5 is a complex mixture of chemical components from various sources and little is known about whether certain components contribute specifically to the associated lung cancer risk. The present study builds on recent findings from the “Effects of Low-level Air Pollution: A Study in Europe” (ELAPSE) collaboration and addresses the potential association between specific elemental components of PM2.5 and lung cancer incidence. Methods: We pooled seven cohorts from across Europe and assigned exposure estimates for eight components of PM2.5 representing non-tail pipe emissions (copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn)), long-range transport (sulfur (S)), oil burning/industry emissions (nickel (Ni), vanadium (V)), crustal material (silicon (Si)), and biomass burning (potassium (K)) to cohort participants’ baseline residential address based on 100 m by 100 m grids from newly developed hybrid models combining air pollution monitoring, land use data, satellite observations, and dispersion model estimates. We applied stratified Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for potential confounders (age, sex, calendar year, marital status, smoking, body mass index, employment status, and neighborhood-level socio-economic status). Results: The pooled study population comprised 306,550 individuals with 3916 incident lung cancer events during 5,541,672 person-years of follow-up. We observed a positive association between exposure to all eight components and lung cancer incidence, with adjusted HRs of 1.10 (95% CI 1.05, 1.16) per 50 ng/m3 PM2.5 K, 1.09 (95% CI 1.02, 1.15) per 1 ng/m3 PM2.5 Ni, 1.22 (95% CI 1.11, 1.35) per 200 ng/m3 PM2.5 S, and 1.07 (95% CI 1.02, 1.12) per 200 ng/m3 PM2.5 V. Effect estimates were largely unaffected by adjustment for nitrogen dioxide (NO2). After adjustment for PM2.5 mass, effect estimates of K, Ni, S, and V were slightly attenuated, whereas effect estimates of Cu, Si, Fe, and Zn became null or negative. Conclusions: Our results point towards an increased risk of lung cancer in connection with sources of combustion particles from oil and biomass burning and secondary inorganic aerosols rather than non-exhaust traffic emissions. Specific limit values or guidelines targeting these specific PM2.5 components may prove helpful in future lung cancer prevention strategies.

AB - Background: An association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and lung cancer has been established in previous studies. PM2.5 is a complex mixture of chemical components from various sources and little is known about whether certain components contribute specifically to the associated lung cancer risk. The present study builds on recent findings from the “Effects of Low-level Air Pollution: A Study in Europe” (ELAPSE) collaboration and addresses the potential association between specific elemental components of PM2.5 and lung cancer incidence. Methods: We pooled seven cohorts from across Europe and assigned exposure estimates for eight components of PM2.5 representing non-tail pipe emissions (copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn)), long-range transport (sulfur (S)), oil burning/industry emissions (nickel (Ni), vanadium (V)), crustal material (silicon (Si)), and biomass burning (potassium (K)) to cohort participants’ baseline residential address based on 100 m by 100 m grids from newly developed hybrid models combining air pollution monitoring, land use data, satellite observations, and dispersion model estimates. We applied stratified Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for potential confounders (age, sex, calendar year, marital status, smoking, body mass index, employment status, and neighborhood-level socio-economic status). Results: The pooled study population comprised 306,550 individuals with 3916 incident lung cancer events during 5,541,672 person-years of follow-up. We observed a positive association between exposure to all eight components and lung cancer incidence, with adjusted HRs of 1.10 (95% CI 1.05, 1.16) per 50 ng/m3 PM2.5 K, 1.09 (95% CI 1.02, 1.15) per 1 ng/m3 PM2.5 Ni, 1.22 (95% CI 1.11, 1.35) per 200 ng/m3 PM2.5 S, and 1.07 (95% CI 1.02, 1.12) per 200 ng/m3 PM2.5 V. Effect estimates were largely unaffected by adjustment for nitrogen dioxide (NO2). After adjustment for PM2.5 mass, effect estimates of K, Ni, S, and V were slightly attenuated, whereas effect estimates of Cu, Si, Fe, and Zn became null or negative. Conclusions: Our results point towards an increased risk of lung cancer in connection with sources of combustion particles from oil and biomass burning and secondary inorganic aerosols rather than non-exhaust traffic emissions. Specific limit values or guidelines targeting these specific PM2.5 components may prove helpful in future lung cancer prevention strategies.

KW - Air pollution

KW - Elemental components

KW - Fine particulate matter

KW - Lung cancer incidence

KW - Pooled cohort

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85097479765&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110568

DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110568

M3 - Article

C2 - 33278469

AN - SCOPUS:85097479765

SN - 0013-9351

VL - 193

JO - Environmental Research

JF - Environmental Research

M1 - 110568

ER -

Long-term exposure to fine particle elemental components and lung cancer incidence in the ELAPSE pooled cohort

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Keywords

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