Mitochondria and the autophagy-inflammation-cell death axis in organismal aging

Douglas R. Green, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Guido Kroemer

    Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

    978 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Alterations of mitochondrial functions are linked to multiple degenerative or acute diseases. As mitochondria age in our cells, they become progressively inefficient and potentially toxic, and acute damage can trigger the permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes to initiate apoptosis or necrosis. Moreover, mitochondria have an important role in pro-inflammatory signaling. Autophagic turnover of cellular constituents, be it general or specific for mitochondria (mitophagy), eliminates dysfunctional or damaged mitochondria, thus counteracting degeneration, dampening inflammation, and preventing unwarranted cell loss. Decreased expression of genes that regulate autophagy or mitophagy can cause degenerative diseases in which deficient quality control results in inflammation and the death of cell populations. Thus, a combination of mitochondrial dysfunction and insufficient autophagy may contribute to multiple aging-associated pathologies.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1109-1112
    Number of pages4
    JournalScience
    Volume333
    Issue number6046
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 26 Aug 2011

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