TY - JOUR
T1 - Phylogeny of Novel Naked Filose and Reticulose Cercozoa
T2 - Granofilosea cl. n. and Proteomyxidea Revised
AU - Bass, David
AU - Chao, Ema E.Y.
AU - Nikolaev, Sergey
AU - Yabuki, Akinori
AU - Ishida, Ken ichiro
AU - Berney, Cédric
AU - Pakzad, Ursula
AU - Wylezich, Claudia
AU - Cavalier-Smith, Thomas
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank A.P. Mylnikov for the Filoreta marina culture, light micrographs of Clathrulina elegans and Hedriocystis reticulata, and discussion and advice. TC-S thanks NERC and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Evolutionary Biology Program for Fellowship support and NERC for a research grant, which supports DB and EC in part, and the Leverhulme Foundation for a research grant supporting CB. SN thanks Jan Pawlowski for hospitality in his laboratory where he sequenced Filoreta marina, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. KI thanks the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan for a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (#18570084).
PY - 2009/2/1
Y1 - 2009/2/1
N2 - Naked filose and reticulose protozoa were long lumped as proteomyxids or left outside higher groups. We cultivated eight naked filose or reticulose strains, did light microscopy, 18S rDNA sequencing and phylogeny (showing all are Cercozoa), and sequenced 80 environmental 18S-types. Filose species belong in subphylum Filosa and reticulose ones in subphylum Endomyxa, making proteomyxids polyphyletic. We therefore transfer the classically mainly reticulose Proteomyxidea to Endomyxa, removing evident filosans as new class Granofilosea (including Desmothoracida, Acinetactis and new heliomonad family Heliomorphidae (new genus Heliomorpha (=Dimorpha)). Five new species of Limnofila gen. n. (L. mylnikovi; L. anglica; L. longa; L. oxoniensis; L. borokensis, previously misidentified as Biomyxa (=Gymnophrys) cometa) form a large freshwater clade (new order Limnofilida). Mesofila limnetica gen., sp. n. and Nanofila marina gen., sp. n. group separately in Granofilosea (Cryptofilida ord. n.). In Endomyxa, a new genus of reticulose proteomyxids (Filoreta marina, F. japonica, F. turcica spp. n., F. (=Corallomyxa) tenera comb. n.) forms a clade (Reticulosida) related to Gromiidea/Ascetosporea. Platyreta germanica gen., sp. n. and Arachnula impatiens are related vampyrellids (Aconchulinida) within a large clade beside Phytomyxea. Biomyxidae and Rhizoplasmidae fam. n. remain incertae sedis within Proteomyxidea. Gymnophrydium and Borkovia are revised. The reticulose Corallomyxa are unlike Filoreta and possibly Amoebozoa, not Cercozoa.
AB - Naked filose and reticulose protozoa were long lumped as proteomyxids or left outside higher groups. We cultivated eight naked filose or reticulose strains, did light microscopy, 18S rDNA sequencing and phylogeny (showing all are Cercozoa), and sequenced 80 environmental 18S-types. Filose species belong in subphylum Filosa and reticulose ones in subphylum Endomyxa, making proteomyxids polyphyletic. We therefore transfer the classically mainly reticulose Proteomyxidea to Endomyxa, removing evident filosans as new class Granofilosea (including Desmothoracida, Acinetactis and new heliomonad family Heliomorphidae (new genus Heliomorpha (=Dimorpha)). Five new species of Limnofila gen. n. (L. mylnikovi; L. anglica; L. longa; L. oxoniensis; L. borokensis, previously misidentified as Biomyxa (=Gymnophrys) cometa) form a large freshwater clade (new order Limnofilida). Mesofila limnetica gen., sp. n. and Nanofila marina gen., sp. n. group separately in Granofilosea (Cryptofilida ord. n.). In Endomyxa, a new genus of reticulose proteomyxids (Filoreta marina, F. japonica, F. turcica spp. n., F. (=Corallomyxa) tenera comb. n.) forms a clade (Reticulosida) related to Gromiidea/Ascetosporea. Platyreta germanica gen., sp. n. and Arachnula impatiens are related vampyrellids (Aconchulinida) within a large clade beside Phytomyxea. Biomyxidae and Rhizoplasmidae fam. n. remain incertae sedis within Proteomyxidea. Gymnophrydium and Borkovia are revised. The reticulose Corallomyxa are unlike Filoreta and possibly Amoebozoa, not Cercozoa.
KW - Corallomyxa
KW - Filoreta
KW - Granofilosea
KW - Limnofila
KW - Platyreta
KW - Proteomyxidea
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=58149357448&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.protis.2008.07.002
DO - 10.1016/j.protis.2008.07.002
M3 - Article
C2 - 18952499
AN - SCOPUS:58149357448
SN - 1434-4610
VL - 160
SP - 75
EP - 109
JO - Protist
JF - Protist
IS - 1
ER -