Brenner Borderline Ovarian Tumor: A Case Series and Literature Review

Background: Most frequent borderline ovarian tumors are serous and mucinous subtypes. Less frequent borderline diseases are endometrioid, clear-cell, and Brenner tumors (BBOT). Very little is known about the latter subtype, and most studies include very short series or case reports. The aim of this study is to determine the prognosis of a continuous series of BBOT and analyze data published in the literature on this rare entity. Patients and Methods: A retrospective review of patients with BBOT treated or referred to our institutions was conducted. A centralized histological review by a reference pathologist and data on the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients were required for inclusion. Results: Overall, 17 patients were identified. Median age was 62 (range 42–85) years. Six patients underwent unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and 11 bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy +/− hysterectomy and/or staging surgery. In total, 16 patients had unilateral tumor, and all patients had stage I disease. Stromal microinvasion was observed in three cases. Median follow-up was 60 months (range 7–118 months). One patient developed a recurrence in contralateral ovary after unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. One patient had previous history of urothelial tumor. Conclusions: Peritoneal staging surgery is not required because all patients reported had stage I disease. One recurrence occurred. When reviewing all the 82 cases reported in the literature (including ours), 9% had previous history or synchronous urothelial tumor, suggesting the need to carefully check for urological disease in patients with BBOT.