Gemcitabine en cancérologie digestive

Gemcitabine is a well-tolerated anti-tumour drug with broad-spectrum activity. It is now recommended for treatment in an increasing number of tumours. Locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer is the only digestive cancer for which it has yet been approved. Numerous phase III trials have adressed gemcitabine's dosage, infusion modalities, and its potential association with other anti-tumour drugs in pancreatic cancer. Standard recommended treatment for this disease in 2006 is gemcitabine monotherapy following Burris'protocol, that is 1 000 mg per square meter in a 30 minute-infusion weekly for seven weeks, one week off and then weekly for three weeks, repeated every 4 weeks. Many phase I or II trials have been carried out in all other digestive cancers. They show gemcitabine's potential activity, especially in esophageal cancer, biliary tract adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, larger studies are required to confirm this efficacy. The aim of this review is to describe the trials that have contributed to determine gemcitabine's infusion modalities in pancreatic cancer. We will then present the studies that have been carried out in other digestive cancers.