TY - JOUR
T1 - Hallmarks of aging
T2 - An expanding universe
AU - López-Otín, Carlos
AU - Blasco, Maria A.
AU - Partridge, Linda
AU - Serrano, Manuel
AU - Kroemer, Guido
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2023/1/19
Y1 - 2023/1/19
N2 - Aging is driven by hallmarks fulfilling the following three premises: (1) their age-associated manifestation, (2) the acceleration of aging by experimentally accentuating them, and (3) the opportunity to decelerate, stop, or reverse aging by therapeutic interventions on them. We propose the following twelve hallmarks of aging: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, disabled macroautophagy, deregulated nutrient-sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis. These hallmarks are interconnected among each other, as well as to the recently proposed hallmarks of health, which include organizational features of spatial compartmentalization, maintenance of homeostasis, and adequate responses to stress.
AB - Aging is driven by hallmarks fulfilling the following three premises: (1) their age-associated manifestation, (2) the acceleration of aging by experimentally accentuating them, and (3) the opportunity to decelerate, stop, or reverse aging by therapeutic interventions on them. We propose the following twelve hallmarks of aging: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, disabled macroautophagy, deregulated nutrient-sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis. These hallmarks are interconnected among each other, as well as to the recently proposed hallmarks of health, which include organizational features of spatial compartmentalization, maintenance of homeostasis, and adequate responses to stress.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144922839&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.001
DO - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.001
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36599349
AN - SCOPUS:85144922839
SN - 0092-8674
VL - 186
SP - 243
EP - 278
JO - Cell
JF - Cell
IS - 2
ER -