TY - JOUR
T1 - Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Risk of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis
AU - Meyer, Antoine
AU - Chan, Simon S.M.
AU - Touvier, Mathilde
AU - Julia, Chantal
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Kyrø, Cecilie
AU - Dahm, Christina C.
AU - Katzke, Verena A.
AU - Schulze, Matthias B.
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Sacerdote, Carlotta
AU - Masala, Giovanna
AU - Oldenburg, Bas
AU - Guevara, Marcela
AU - Bujanda, Luis
AU - Cabrera Castro, Natalia A.
AU - Tong, Tammy Y.N.
AU - Heath, Alicia K.
AU - Deschasaux-Tanguy, Mélanie
AU - Hercberg, Serge
AU - Galan, Pilar
AU - Mahamat-Saleh, Yahya
AU - Severi, Gianluca
AU - Carbonnel, Franck
AU - Amiot, Aurélien
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2025/1/1
Y1 - 2025/1/1
N2 - Background: Association between dietary factors and the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been studied extensively. However, identification of deleterious dietary patterns merits further study. Aim: To investigate the risk of developing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) according to the inflammatory score of the diet (ISD) in the multinational European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Methods: We used validated food frequency questionnaires collected at baseline to compute ISD scores. We estimated the association between ISD score and risks of CD and UC risks using Cox models stratified by centre, sex and age. We adjusted for smoking status, BMI, physical activity, energy intake, educational level and alcohol intake. Results: We included 394,255 individuals including 184 incident cases of CD and 459 of UC after median follow-up of 13.6 years (4,889,910 person-years). High ISD scores were associated with a higher risk of CD (fourth vs. first quartile-adjusted HR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.14–3.10; p-trend < 0.01) but not of UC (adjusted HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.63–1.15; p-trend 0.21). For CD, this association was mainly observed for women (adjusted HR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.17–3.91; p-trend < 0.01). On subgroup analyses, those differences were mainly driven by low intakes of fibre, mono-unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C, magnesium, onion and alcohol. Conclusions: A high ISD score is associated with a higher risk of developing CD but not UC. These results should be taken into account in high-risk populations.
AB - Background: Association between dietary factors and the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been studied extensively. However, identification of deleterious dietary patterns merits further study. Aim: To investigate the risk of developing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) according to the inflammatory score of the diet (ISD) in the multinational European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Methods: We used validated food frequency questionnaires collected at baseline to compute ISD scores. We estimated the association between ISD score and risks of CD and UC risks using Cox models stratified by centre, sex and age. We adjusted for smoking status, BMI, physical activity, energy intake, educational level and alcohol intake. Results: We included 394,255 individuals including 184 incident cases of CD and 459 of UC after median follow-up of 13.6 years (4,889,910 person-years). High ISD scores were associated with a higher risk of CD (fourth vs. first quartile-adjusted HR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.14–3.10; p-trend < 0.01) but not of UC (adjusted HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.63–1.15; p-trend 0.21). For CD, this association was mainly observed for women (adjusted HR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.17–3.91; p-trend < 0.01). On subgroup analyses, those differences were mainly driven by low intakes of fibre, mono-unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C, magnesium, onion and alcohol. Conclusions: A high ISD score is associated with a higher risk of developing CD but not UC. These results should be taken into account in high-risk populations.
KW - crohn's disease
KW - diet
KW - epidemiology
KW - inflammatory bowel disease
KW - ulcerative colitis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85215275486&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/apt.18497
DO - 10.1111/apt.18497
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85215275486
SN - 0269-2813
JO - Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
JF - Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
ER -