Mélanome vaginal: une localisation particulièrement défavorable

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features of vaginal melanoma and treatments available. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective review of patients with primary vaginal melanoma operated from 2000 to 2010 at Gustave-Roussy Institute. Results: Six patients had surgery for a vaginal melanoma out of 37 patients operated for vaginal cancer in our institute in the same period (13.6%). Median age was 53.5 years [48-66]. The melanoma presented as a macroscopically visible nodular tumor in all case. Median tumour size was 5.4 cm [1.5-15]. Five of the six patients had a [18F] fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron-emission tomography combined with integrated computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) before surgery. Initial management included two conservative treatments and four colpectomy with one anterior exenteration. Two sigmoidcolpoplasties were performed. Lymph node metastases were found in only one patient. Median progression free survival was 10.5 months [4-51]. All patients have relapsed, three of them in the 6 months following surgery. Recurrences were local in three patients and distant in three patients. Local recurrences were surgically treated. In one case, electrochemotherapy was performed. One patient with locoregional disease underwent a pelvic isolated perfusion. One patient had a KIT mutation. Two patients died at 12 and 83 months. Discussion and conclusion: Vaginal melanoma had a poor prognosis. The 5-year overall survival is under 20% from literature data. Local and/or distant recurrences are frequent and new local and adjuvant treatments are currently evaluated.