TY - JOUR
T1 - NADPH oxidases
T2 - New actors in thyroid cancer?
AU - Ameziane-El-Hassani, Rabii
AU - Schlumberger, Martin
AU - Dupuy, Corinne
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited.
PY - 2016/8/1
Y1 - 2016/8/1
N2 - Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2) is a crucial substrate for thyroid peroxidase, a key enzyme involved in thyroid hormone synthesis. However, as a potent oxidant, H2 O2 might also be responsible for the high level of oxidative DNA damage observed in thyroid tissues, such as DNA base lesions and strand breakages, which promote chromosomal instability and contribute to the development of tumours. Although the role of H2 O2 in thyroid hormone synthesis is well established, its precise mechanisms of action in pathological processes are still under investigation. The NADPH oxidase/dual oxidase family are the only oxidoreductases whose primary function is to produce reactive oxygen species. As such, the function and expression of these enzymes are tightly regulated. Thyrocytes express dual oxidase 2, which produces most of the H2 O2 for thyroid hormone synthesis. Thyrocytes also express dual oxidase 1 and NADPH oxidase 4, but the roles of these enzymes are still unknown. Here, we review the structure, expression, localization and function of these enzymes. We focus on their potential role in thyroid cancer, which is characterized by increased expression of these enzymes.
AB - Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2) is a crucial substrate for thyroid peroxidase, a key enzyme involved in thyroid hormone synthesis. However, as a potent oxidant, H2 O2 might also be responsible for the high level of oxidative DNA damage observed in thyroid tissues, such as DNA base lesions and strand breakages, which promote chromosomal instability and contribute to the development of tumours. Although the role of H2 O2 in thyroid hormone synthesis is well established, its precise mechanisms of action in pathological processes are still under investigation. The NADPH oxidase/dual oxidase family are the only oxidoreductases whose primary function is to produce reactive oxygen species. As such, the function and expression of these enzymes are tightly regulated. Thyrocytes express dual oxidase 2, which produces most of the H2 O2 for thyroid hormone synthesis. Thyrocytes also express dual oxidase 1 and NADPH oxidase 4, but the roles of these enzymes are still unknown. Here, we review the structure, expression, localization and function of these enzymes. We focus on their potential role in thyroid cancer, which is characterized by increased expression of these enzymes.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84968626434&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/nrendo.2016.64
DO - 10.1038/nrendo.2016.64
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27174022
AN - SCOPUS:84968626434
SN - 1759-5029
VL - 12
SP - 485
EP - 494
JO - Nature Reviews Endocrinology
JF - Nature Reviews Endocrinology
IS - 8
ER -