TY - JOUR
T1 - Outcome of Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer and Brain Metastases Treated with Checkpoint Inhibitors
AU - Hendriks, Lizza E.L.
AU - Henon, Clemence
AU - Auclin, Edouard
AU - Mezquita, Laura
AU - Ferrara, Roberto
AU - Audigier-Valette, Clarisse
AU - Mazieres, Julien
AU - Lefebvre, Corentin
AU - Rabeau, Audrey
AU - Le Moulec, Sylvestre
AU - Cousin, Sophie
AU - Duchemann, Boris
AU - le Pechoux, Cecile
AU - Botticella, Angela
AU - Ammari, Samy
AU - Gazzah, Anas
AU - Caramella, Caroline
AU - Adam, Julien
AU - Lechapt, Emmanuèle
AU - Planchard, David
AU - De Ruysscher, Dirk
AU - Dingemans, Anne Marie
AU - Besse, Benjamin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
PY - 2019/7/1
Y1 - 2019/7/1
N2 - Introduction: Although frequent in NSCLC, patients with brain metastases (BMs) are often excluded from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) trials. We evaluated BM outcome in a less-selected NSCLC cohort. Methods: Data from consecutive patients with advanced ICI-treated NSCLC were collected. Active BMs were defined as new and/or growing lesions without any subsequent local treatment before the start of ICI treatment. Objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Multivariate analyses were performed by using a Cox proportional hazards model and logistic regression. Results: A total of 1025 patients were included; the median follow-up time from start of ICI treatment was 15.8 months. Of these patients, 255 (24.9%) had BMs (39.2% active, 14.3% symptomatic, and 27.4% being treated with steroids). Disease-specific Graded Prognostic Assessment (ds-GPA) score was known for 94.5% of patients (35.7% with a score of 0–1, 58.5% with a score of 1.5–2.5, and 5.8% with a score of 3). The ORRs with BM versus without BM were similar: 20.6% (with BM) versus 22.7% (without BM) (p = 0.484). The intracranial ORR (active BM with follow-up brain imaging [n = 73]) was 27.3%. The median progression-free survival times were 1.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–2.1) and 2.1 (95% CI: 1.9–2.5) months, respectively (p = 0.009). Of the patients with BMs, 12.7% had a dissociated cranial-extracranial response and two (0.8%) had brain pseudoprogression. Brain progression occurred more in active BM than in stable BM (54.2% versus 30% [p < 0.001]). The median OS times were 8.6 months (95% CI: 6.8–12.0) with BM and 11.4 months (95% CI: 8.6–13.8) months with no BM (p = 0.035). In the BM subgroup multivariate analysis, corticosteroid use (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.37) was associated with poorer OS, whereas stable BMs (HR = 0.62) and higher ds-GPA classification (HR = 0.48–0.52) were associated with improved OS. Conclusion: In multivariate analysis BMs are not associated with a poorer survival in patients with ICI-treated NSCLC. Stable patients with BM without baseline corticosteroids and a good ds-GPA classification have the best prognosis.
AB - Introduction: Although frequent in NSCLC, patients with brain metastases (BMs) are often excluded from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) trials. We evaluated BM outcome in a less-selected NSCLC cohort. Methods: Data from consecutive patients with advanced ICI-treated NSCLC were collected. Active BMs were defined as new and/or growing lesions without any subsequent local treatment before the start of ICI treatment. Objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Multivariate analyses were performed by using a Cox proportional hazards model and logistic regression. Results: A total of 1025 patients were included; the median follow-up time from start of ICI treatment was 15.8 months. Of these patients, 255 (24.9%) had BMs (39.2% active, 14.3% symptomatic, and 27.4% being treated with steroids). Disease-specific Graded Prognostic Assessment (ds-GPA) score was known for 94.5% of patients (35.7% with a score of 0–1, 58.5% with a score of 1.5–2.5, and 5.8% with a score of 3). The ORRs with BM versus without BM were similar: 20.6% (with BM) versus 22.7% (without BM) (p = 0.484). The intracranial ORR (active BM with follow-up brain imaging [n = 73]) was 27.3%. The median progression-free survival times were 1.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–2.1) and 2.1 (95% CI: 1.9–2.5) months, respectively (p = 0.009). Of the patients with BMs, 12.7% had a dissociated cranial-extracranial response and two (0.8%) had brain pseudoprogression. Brain progression occurred more in active BM than in stable BM (54.2% versus 30% [p < 0.001]). The median OS times were 8.6 months (95% CI: 6.8–12.0) with BM and 11.4 months (95% CI: 8.6–13.8) months with no BM (p = 0.035). In the BM subgroup multivariate analysis, corticosteroid use (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.37) was associated with poorer OS, whereas stable BMs (HR = 0.62) and higher ds-GPA classification (HR = 0.48–0.52) were associated with improved OS. Conclusion: In multivariate analysis BMs are not associated with a poorer survival in patients with ICI-treated NSCLC. Stable patients with BM without baseline corticosteroids and a good ds-GPA classification have the best prognosis.
KW - Brain metastases
KW - Checkpoint inhibition
KW - Disease specific Graded Prognostic Assessment
KW - NSCLC
KW - survival
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063191484&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.02.009
DO - 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.02.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 30780002
AN - SCOPUS:85063191484
SN - 1556-0864
VL - 14
SP - 1244
EP - 1254
JO - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
JF - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
IS - 7
ER -