Prevention and treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis in France: A national survey among vascular disease and supportive care specialists

Background/Aim Long-term use of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) for the treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) has been well-established. Conversely, the use of thromboprophylaxis in patients with cancer remains controversial in the absence of homogeneous guidelines. Our aim was to assess the awareness of treatment guidelines and the management of patients with CAT in daily clinical practice. Methods A national survey based on an open questionnaire developed by a panel of health professionals including specialists in vascular medicine, oncology, supportive care and pharmacy, was proposed on line to 2104 specialists experts in the management of CAT with the objective to collect at least 400 answers. Clinical practice assessment included the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma-associated thrombosis, the use of thromboprophylaxis and factors influencing the management of patients with CAT. Results A total of 401 questionnaires were completed by specialists of vascular medicine (68%), oncology (12%) and other (20%). LMWH was the preferred option for over 90% of the participants for the treatment of recent overt proximal pulmonary embolism or deep-vein thrombosis. Up to 70% of the participants considered treatment duration for 6 months and more than 12 months in case of active malignancy. Patient management in the setting of incidental VTE and thromboprophylaxis were heterogeneous in the absence of clear guidance while VTE risk scores would be used by only 14% of participants. Conclusion Patients with CAT are properly managed based on clear and consistent guidelines. Patient care is heterogeneous regarding treatment duration beyond 6 months and thromboprophylaxis while VTE risk scores are misused. Identification of referent health care professionals for CAT management and more clear guidelines are required.