Prospective Evaluation of the First Option, Second-Line Therapy in Childhood Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia: Splenectomy or Immunomodulation

Stéphane Ducassou, Helder Fernandes, Hélène Savel, Yves Bertrand, Thierry Leblanc, Wadih Abou Chahla, Marlène Pasquet, Guy Leverger, Vincent Barlogis, Caroline Thomas, Sophie Bayart, Isabelle Pellier, Corinne Armari-Alla, Corinne Guitton, Nathalie Cheikh, Djamel Kherfellah, Gilles Vassal, Rodolphe Thiébaut, Salim Laghouati, Nathalie Aladjidi

    Résultats de recherche: Contribution à un journalArticleRevue par des pairs

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    Résumé

    Objective: To describe 4 subgroups of pediatric patients treated with splenectomy, hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, or rituximab as the first-option, second-line treatment for chronic immune thrombocytopenia. Study design: Selection of patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia from the French national prospective cohort of pediatric autoimmune cytopenia OBS'CEREVANCE and VIGICAIRE study, treated by splenectomy, hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, or rituximab as a first second-line treatment. Results: For 137 patients, treated between 1989 and 2016, the median follow-up after diagnosis and after treatment initiation was 8.5 (2.8-26.4) years and 4.7 (1.1-25.1) years, respectively. Median age at diagnosis and at initiation of treatment were 9 (0.7; 16) and 12 (2; 18.1) years, respectively without significant difference between subgroups. For the whole cohort, 24-month event-free survival was 62% (95% CI 55; 71). It was 85% (95% CI 77; 95) for the 56 patients treated with splenectomy, 60% (95% CI 44; 84) for the 23 patients treated with rituximab, 46% (95% CI 30; 71) for the 24 patients treated with azathioprine, and 37% (95% CI 24; 59) for the 34 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine (log-rank P <.0001). For the splenectomy subgroup, being older than 10 years at splenectomy tended to improve event-free survival (P =.05). Female teenagers with antinuclear antibody positivity benefited from hydroxychloroquine therapy. Conclusions: This national study, limiting pitfalls in the analysis of the effects of second-line therapies, showed that splenectomy remains the treatment associated with the better response at 24 months.

    langue originaleAnglais
    journalJournal of Pediatrics
    Les DOIs
    étatAccepté/sous presse - 1 janv. 2021

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