Safety and Antitumour Activity of ODM-201 (BAY-1841788) in Castration-resistant, CYP17 Inhibitor-naïve Prostate Cancer: Results from Extended Follow-up of the ARADES Trial

Background: Patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) had extended responses to the androgen receptor antagonist ODM-201, in phase 1/2 studies. Objective: To evaluate the safety and antitumour activity of prolonged ODM-201 treatment in patients with CRPC. Design, setting, and participants: The ARADES trial was a multicentre phase 1 (dose escalation) and phase 2 (dose expansion) trial; 134 patients with CRPC were stratified by previous chemotherapy to receive ODM-201. This paper reports extended follow-up in CYP17 inhibitor (CYP17i)-naïve patients. Intervention: Patients (n = 77) received oral ODM-201 twice daily at daily doses of 200–1800 mg. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Safety, measured as the occurrence of adverse events (AEs), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and radiographic progression. Results and limitations: The safety profile of extended ODM-201 treatment (median treatment duration 8.2 mo, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.6–11.0) was consistent with that reported at the time of the original data cutoff in the main ARADES trial, with no unexpected safety concerns over time. The majority of AEs (61.1%) were mild (grade 1); the most common AE was fatigue/asthenia (35.1% of patients), with no clear relationship to ODM-201. Median time to PSA progression was 25.2 mo (95% CI 11.3–25.2) for chemotherapy-naïve men and not reached (NR; 95% CI 5.5–NR) for chemotherapy-pretreated patients; a trend for improved antitumour response was observed for chemotherapy-naïve patients. The median time to radiographic progression was longer for chemotherapy-naïve (14.0 mo, 95% CI 8.1–33.3) than for chemotherapy-pretreated (7.2 mo, 95% CI 2.7–11.0) patients. Conclusions: Prolonged exposure to ODM-201 was well tolerated, with no additional safety concerns; disease suppression was sustained, especially in chemotherapy-naïve patients. These data support further development of ODM-201 in men with CYP17i-naïve CRPC. Patient summary: Extended ODM-201 therapy was well tolerated, with beneficial antitumour activity in men with advanced prostate cancer, indicating that ODM-201 may represent a new active treatment for men with CRPC. This extension trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov) under identification number NCT01429064. Extended ODM-201 therapy showed encouraging antitumour activity in both chemotherapy-naïve and chemotherapy-treated men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Continued treatment with ODM-201 was well tolerated, with no unexpected safety concerns, and may represent a new, effective treatment option for men with CRPC.